Zion essays

Zion papers Theodor Herzl was positively not the principal Jew to dream of Zion, yet he by the by put the wheels moving (Zionism 1). Zionism is the name given to the political and ideological formation of a Jewish national state. The ascent of the Zionist development in the late nineteenth century finished in the formation of this state in Palestine in 1948. Herzl was conceived of wealthy working class guardians. He originally concentrated in a logical auxiliary school, yet to escape from its enemy of Semitic environment he moved in 1875 to a school where the greater part of the understudies were Jews. In 1878 the family moved from Budapest to Vienna, where he entered the University of Vienna to contemplate law. He got his permit to specialize in legal matters in 1884 yet decided to give himself to writing. Staying in Vienna, he became o journalist for Neue Freie Presse (New Free Press), the liberal magazine of the bourgeoisie. In 1889 he wedded Julie Naschauer, little girl of a rich Jewish businessperson in Vienna. The marriage was despondent, albeit three youngsters were destined to it. Herzl had a solid connection to his mom, who couldn't coexist with his significant other. These challenges were expanded by the political exercises of his later years, in which his better half took little intrigue. These political exercises finished in 1896, when Herzl distributed Der Judenstaat, an instructive leaflet wherein he suggested that the Jewish inquiry was a political inquiry to be settled by a world board of countries. In spite of the fact that the liberal magazine he worked for attempted to forestall the distribution of Der Judenstaat and never to such an extent as referenced it in its segments, Herzl would not be stopped. He accumulated a little cadre and set out to meet the First Zionist Congress that equivalent year. Being the main political development to bind together the various proto-Zionists, five representatives among 200 men and maybe upwards of 10 ladies assembled the First ... <!

Benefits of hunting Essay Example for Free

Advantages of chasing Essay For my exploration point I have chosen to go over the advantages of chasing. I think these reasons are various, and spread a wide assortment of points. Some of which incorporate, controlling the creature populace, assisting with keeping up balance in the biological system, interfacing with nature, partaking in something with a rich convention, and furthermore to give sound natural food that you know precisely where it originated from, and what was done to it. There are certainly different advantages to chasing, however they are likely beyond any reasonable amount to rundown, or contact on every one of them. I will likewise attempt to handle a portion of the announced drawbacks to chasing. Also, case of that is individuals continually whine that chasing is murdering, and yes it is nevertheless such a little part for the majority of us it isn't the reason we chase. That being said each bit of meat in the grocery store is likewise slaughtering, and the creature never got an opportunity, and might not have ever been as sound or upbeat as it could be. The crowd for this paper would be those against chasing, or who don’t have any information about chasing. My explanation behind picking this subject is that I am a devoted tracker, and the main contrasts I see for what I do when chasing versus what a steers farm does is that I know everything going on in what I’m doing. Fundamentally I know where the creature was, I realize who shot it and how it passed on, I realize the creature is sound, that it has had a decent life, and was not limited to a small confine stuffed with others. Long story short, I realize my creature I collected is most likely more advantageous than pretty much anything from the store. Additionally as people we have a long history of chasing. I’m not certain when we began chasing, however for my paper I figure it will be a magnificent contention for the custom of chasing, yet I know we as an animal categories have been doing it for whatever length of time that we can recall. That, however chasing is something regularly went down from father to child, and is chiefly why chasing has endure this long against so much backfire. I know for me specifically chasing with my father was the absolute most fun occasions, and fondest recollections, that I will ever get the opportunity to have, until I give it to my children. Chasing gets assaulted from a great deal of points, the just a single I truly imagine that has any contention is one from a vegetarian. That is an individual who truly has no association with any kind of gathering creatures whatsoever. Truly I regard their suppositions, and wish that they would likewise mine. Chasing goes past individuals going out and shooting creatures, and afterward presenting with them in pictures, which I accept is all they see. They pass up the convention, the genuine â€Å"hunt†, chasing doesn't mean murdering, something any tracker can let you know. Also all the holding time with loved ones, and last the experience of simply escaping from everything and being in nature. One final thing for the vegetarian contention is that from a developmental outlook it is practically difficult to contend against chasing. People grew up the developmental stepping stool halfway due to our capacities to show signs of improvement at chasing. Somebody who gave two or three hundred pound creature complete with meat and stows away must be more significant than somebody who just picked berries. Being vegetarian is additionally a decision, its not actually the method of nature. Sure a few creatures eat just plants, yet things like wolves just can’t do it. Eating meat and chasing are a piece of Earth, and I would state that 99. 99% of executes done by people are snappier, and cleaner, than those done by creatures.

Peek Over Our Shoulders What Rioters Are Reading March 1, 2018

Peek Over Our Shoulders What Rioters Are Reading March 1, 2018 In this regular feature, we give you a glimpse of what we are reading this very moment. Here is what the Rioters are reading today (as in literally today). This is what’s on their bedside table (or the floor, work bag, desk, whatevskis). Your TBR list is about to get some new additions. We’ve shown you ours, now show us yours; let us know what you’re reading (right this very moment) in the comment section below! Liberty Hardy There There by Tommy Orange (Knopf, June 5): I picked this up on the recommendation of a friend and WOW was she right. It is a powerful, contemporary, multi-generational portrait of Native Americans in the United States, revolving around several people coming together at a powwow. It’s a devastating and sad novel, but also filled to the brim with beauty and hope. You’ll be hearing about it a lot this year. (e-galley) Anthony Karcz The Collapsing Empire by John Scalzi: Yup. Still reading it. That empire is still collapsin. Lacey deShazo Sunburn by Laura Lippman: Im not going to compare this to Gone Girl, I’m not going to compare this to Gone Girl, I’m not…okay, it’s a little Gone Girl-ish. But it also feels really fresh! The audio of this one is great, so if you need a new book to listen to, I highly suggest this thriller about a woman who runs away from not one but two marriages and children. The slow reveals are the best part of this one! (audiobook) Jamie Canaves Phoenix Burning (A Veranda Cruz Mystery #2) by Isabella Maldonado: I’m always here for procedurals written by those in the field: Maldonado is a retired Police Captain and used to be Commander of Special Investigations and Forensics. So I am ready for this crime novel starring a Latina detective going after a cartel set in Arizonaâ€"three chapters in and I’m already craving authentic Mexican food. (ARC) Jaime Herndon I Find Your Lack of Faith Disturbing: Star Wars and the Triumph of Geek Culture by A.D. Jameson: As a huge Star Wars fan and all-around nerd, I knew I had to have this as soon as I read about it. Being a nerd/geek wasn’t always cool, and this is a funny, well-researched memoir/case study of geekdom. I’m loving every page and trying not to read it too fast, because I want to savor it. (ARC) Erin McCoy My Once and Future Duke by Caroline Linden: I was drawn to the cover of this book, but the blurb sealed the deal for me. A historical romance featuring a heroine who is skilled at card games? Yes, please! Even better, this book is even better than anticipated (which is truly very impressive). I’m thoroughly enjoying this one! (ARC) Christina Vortia     Let Us Dream by Alyssa Cole: I’m reading this book for a monthly book club, and I am not sorry. This historical romance set in Harlem is a timely solid read, and I cant wait to discuss it with my fellow book friends. (paperback) S.W. Sondheimer Spaceman of Bohemia by Jaroslav Kalfar: Jakub Prochazka  becomes an astronaut that his heroics might erase his father’s sins from history. Also, there’s a giant space spider who may or may not be real but really, really loves Nutella either way. (paperback) Margaret Kingsbury   Freshwater by Akwaeke Emezi: Unique explorations of myth and folklore always capture my attention, and Freshwater utilizes Nigerian mythology in an exploration of trauma and self-identity. (e-galley) Christy Childers From the Corner of the Oval by Beck Dorey-Stein: Compelling and fun-to-read memoir by a stenographer in Barack Obama’s White House. (ARC) E.H. Kern Who Fears Death by Nnedi Okorafor: I’m in a rereading phase right now, so this is my second time reading Who Fears Death? I really enjoyed it when I read it the first time, but now it is even better. (paperback) Laura Sackton Everything Here is Beautiful by Mira T. Lee: I am always up for a family saga of pretty much any kind. This one is about two very different sisters whose lives weave in and out of each other over the course of many years. Lee utilizes multiple POVs beautifully. (library hardcover) Rachel Brittain March Forward, Girl: From Young Warrior to Little Rock Nine by Melba Patillo Beales: I learned about the Little Rock Nine in my Arkansas history class as a kid, but when I saw this book on Hoopla, I realized I’ve never actually read any books written by the Little Rock Nine themselves. So, obviously, I had to read it. So far it’s more about her early experiences growing up in segregated Little Rockâ€"she was clearly an activist from a very young age. (library audiobook) Danielle Bourgon This Will Be My Undoing: Living at the Intersection of Black, Female, and Feminist in (White) America by Morgan Jerkins: This collection of essays has been unflinchingly honest so far. A great read that does a great job of contextualizing the stories in terms of time and place. I’ve really appreciated the varied length and styles of the pieces. The cross section between essays and memoir style storytelling reminds me a lot of Roxane Gay, Lindy West, and Samantha Irby in the best way. (paperback) Ashley Holstrom Before I Let Go by Marieke Nijkamp: Corey and Kyra are best friends in a tiny Alaskan town. When Corey moves away, Kyra promises to wait for her. But then she dies days before Corey visits. And when Corey returns, her hometown isn’t what it used to beâ€"everyone suddenly loves and supports this girl they used to ignore. Corey is sure there’s a secret no one is telling her. This book is dark and sad and chilly. It’s the story of a teen dealing with the guilt of neglecting her friend when that friend needed her most. (hardcover) Steph Auteri The House of Impossible Beauties by Joseph Cassara: This book had gotten some pre-publication hype, and when I read some preview pages, I was blown away by the vibrancy of the narrator’s voice. I can already tell I’m going to love this debut novel. (hardcover) Dana Lee Heart of Iron by Ashley Poston: “Found as a child drifting through space with a sentient android called D09…” Are you already hooked? Because I am. Ragtag space crews and badass girl heroes ready to take on the universe to save their glitching metal pals are my jam. (hardcover) Elisa Shoenberger The Whole Fromage by Kathe Lison:  Cheese Wars, nuff said. Lison ventures through France to better understand cheesemaking and passion for the substance. Delightful so far! (paperback) Emily Polson Parable of the Talents by Octavia E. Butler: I read Butler’s Parable of the Sower earlier for my February #ReadingBlackout and really enjoyed it. Since I finished everything on my planned TBR, I had time to pick up the sequel. I’m about halfway through, and I think I like it better than the first bookâ€"the plot seems a little less bleak and a little more hopeful. Of course, all that could change in the second half… (library ebook) Claire Handscombe The Lido by Libby Page:  This is a lovely book about a lonely young woman new to London and an elderly lady who team up to save their local lido (outside unheated swimming pool) and become friends in the process. It’s set in Brixton, which I know well, and alive with sense of place and beautiful writing. (ARC)

Poetry Explication First Poem for You by Kim Addonizio...

Poetry Explication Just as poetry is a permanent mark of feelings that last forever on paper, tattoos are permanent symbols that last forever on the skin. Tattoos and poetry can easily be combined such as in Kim Addonizio’s sonnet, â€Å"First Poem for You,† the speaker admires her partner’s nature themed tattoos in a darkened room. This may seem to be a simple poem, but by utilizing tattoos as symbols, including tactile and visual imagery in her poem, and using the sonnet as her structure, Addonizio laments about the true meaning of relationships and their longevity. Symbols are used throughout Addonizio’s sonnet. â€Å"I like to touch your tattoos in complete/darkness, when I can’t see them (1-2).† The darkness not only represents the lack of†¦show more content†¦But by employing the word â€Å"pulsing (4),† the reader can really feel the lover’s heart beating on the speaker’s hand. This addresses the fact that love has a pulse and it can halt just as well as a heart can. Through visual and tactile imagery, Addonizio shows how close intimately the lovers are with one another. Structure is important in â€Å"First Poem for You† as well. Addonizio chose to write a sonnet to have the last lines truly conclude the poem in a way that meditates on the permanence of the tattoos. The author destroys the immediate, powerful, and concrete image of the lovers with â€Å"such permanence is terrifying. / So I touch them in the dark; but touch them, trying (13-14).† These lines represent the vague understanding of the future between the two partners. It is unknown if the two will remain together or not and the last line leaves the reader hanging. This creates a deep reality with the poem that can easily be connected with, for the fate of a relationship is truly unknown. â€Å"First Poem for You,† by Kim Addonizio, illustrates a night between two lovers lying next to each other. Fro m this sonnet, it is discovered that through symbolism, imagery, and structure, the speaker’s views on relationships are embellished. Addonizio, Kim. â€Å"First Poem for You.† Poetry Outloud. 2011.

Learn Mandarin Placement Terms for Describing Locations

The Mandarin language uses two â€Å"suffixes† for placement terms: mià  n and biÄ n. Both of these words mean â€Å"side,† but biÄ n emphasizes divisions (such as borders) between things. BiÄ n is used for things on the side (such as the right side or left side) and mià  n is used for locating things within a sphere (such as above or in front of). Once you are familiar with Mandarin language placement terms, the use of mià  n and biÄ n will come automatically, since each word is used exclusively within certain phrases. For example, the Mandarin language has only one phrase for â€Å"opposite† (duà ¬mià  n), so once you have learned this vocabulary you will not likely try to say it as duà ¬biÄ n. Here and There here - zhà ¨lÇ  - 這è £ ¡there - nà  li - é‚ £Ã¨ £ ¡over here - zhà ¨biÄ n - 這邊over there - nà  biÄ n - é‚ £Ã©â€šÅ  Right and Left right - yà ²u - Ã¥  ³left - zuÇ’ - Ã¥ · ¦right side - yà ²ubiÄ n - Ã¥  ³Ã©â€šÅ left side - zuÇ’biÄ n - Ã¥ · ¦Ã©â€šÅ beside - pà ¡ngbiÄ n - æâ€" Ã©â€šÅ  Around opposite - duà ¬mià  n - Ã¥ ° Ã©  ¢in front - qià ¡nmià  n - å‰ Ã©  ¢behind - hà ²umià  n - Ã¥ ¾Å'é  ¢on top - shà  ngmià  n - ä ¸Å Ã©  ¢under - xià  mià  n - ä ¸â€¹Ã©  ¢inside - lÇ mià  n - è £ ¡Ã©  ¢outside - wà  imià  n - Ã¥ ¤â€"é  ¢ Placement Terms English Pinyin Characters The tea is here. Chà ¡ zà  i zhà ¨lÇ . èÅ' ¶Ã¥Å" ¨Ã©â‚¬â„¢Ã¨ £ ¡Ã¯ ½ ¡ The book is there. ShÃ… « zà  i nà  lÇ . æ› ¸Ã¥Å" ¨Ã©â€š £Ã¨ £ ¡Ã¯ ½ ¡ The notebook is over here. BÇ jà ¬bÄ›n zà  i zhà ¨biÄ n. ç ­â€ Ã¨ ¨ËœÃ¦Å" ¬Ã¥Å" ¨Ã©â‚¬â„¢Ã©â€šÅ Ã¯ ½ ¡ The cup is over there. BÄ“izi zà  i nà  bian. æ  ¯Ã¥ ­ Ã¥Å" ¨Ã©â€š £Ã©â€šÅ Ã¯ ½ ¡ This is my right hand. Zhà ¨ shà ¬ wÇ’ de yà ²u shÇ’u. 這æ˜ ¯Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã§Å¡â€žÃ¥  ³Ã¦â€°â€¹Ã¯ ½ ¡ This is my left hand. Zhà ¨ shà ¬ wÇ’de zuÇ’ shÇ’u. 這æ˜ ¯Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã§Å¡â€žÃ¥ · ¦Ã¦â€°â€¹Ã¯ ½ ¡ The bag is on the right side. Dà  izi zà  i yà ²ubiÄ n. è ¢â€¹Ã¥ ­ Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥  ³Ã©â€šÅ Ã¯ ½ ¡ The book is on the left side. ShÃ… « zà  i zuÇ’biÄ n. æ› ¸Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥ · ¦Ã©â€šÅ Ã¯ ½ ¡ The bank is beside the post office. Yà ­nhà ¡ng zà  i yà ³ujà º pà ¡ngbiÄ n. 銀è ¡Å'Ã¥Å" ¨Ã©Æ' µÃ¥ ±â‚¬Ã¦â€" Ã©â€šÅ Ã¯ ½ ¡ My house is opposite the school. WÇ’ jiÄ  zà  i xuà ©xià  o duà ¬mià  n. 我å ® ¶Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥ ­ ¸Ã¦   ¡Ã¥ ° Ã©  ¢Ã¯ ½ ¡ He is sitting in front of me. TÄ  zuà ² zà  i wÇ’ qià ¡nmian. ä »â€"Ã¥  Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¥â€° Ã©  ¢Ã¯ ½ ¡ The bus is behind (us). ChÄ“ zÇ  zà  i hà ²u mià  n. è »Å Ã¥ ­ Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥ ¾Å'é  ¢Ã¯ ½ ¡ The book is on top of the table. ShÃ… « zà  i zhuÃ… zi shà  ngmian. æ› ¸Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¦ ¡Å'Ã¥ ­ Ã¤ ¸Å Ã©  ¢Ã¯ ½ ¡ The cat is under the chair. Mà  o zà  i yÇ zi xià  mian. è ²â€œÃ¥Å" ¨Ã¦ ¤â€¦Ã¥ ­ Ã¤ ¸â€¹Ã©  ¢Ã¯ ½ ¡ The children are inside the school. Hà ¡izi zà  i xuà ©xià  o lÇ mià  n. Ã¥ ­ ©Ã¥ ­ Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥ ­ ¸Ã¦   ¡Ã¨ £ ¡Ã©  ¢Ã¯ ½ ¡ The dog is outside the house. GÇ’u zà  i fà ¡ngzi wà  imian. ç‹â€"Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¦Ë† ¿Ã¥ ­ Ã¥ ¤â€"é  ¢Ã¯ ½ ¡

Jet Blue Airways Case Study Free Essays

Crafting and Executing Strategy Jet Blue Airways case study In 2008 businesses began to cut back on employee travel, and consumers tried to save money and used stay-cations instead of vacations, during a summer the U. S. economy slowed and oil prices rose; jet fuel prices went through the roof as a result. We will write a custom essay sample on Jet Blue Airways Case Study or any similar topic only for you Order Now to offset the higher fuel costs, airlines began increasing revenues by means such as: fuel surcharges, charges for the first checked bag, charging for blankets, pillows, and headphones, and finally lowering wages and grounding airplanes. Some airlines didn’t survive, some decided to form a merger to try to buoy the rising costs. Beyond cost, there was the prospect of increasing competition, shortages in pilots, flying schools lacked instructors, and labor costs. Some companies as a result of the impact of these new changes employed a new tactic of their own: large airlines would steal pilots from smaller companies, luring them with better pay and benefits. JetBlue’s strategy was to be a company that would combine the low fares of a discount airline carrier with the comforts similar to a den in people’s homes. Passengers could save money while they ate gourmet snacks, sat in leather seats, and watched television. The goal overall, was to bring humanity back to air travel. 3. Discuss Jet Blue’s financial objectives and whether or not the company has been successful in achieving these objectives. JetBlue was a discount airline carrier, offering passengers low fares, point to point systems, and maintained quick turnaround times at airports. Its operating costs were low, especially in comparison to other major airlines. The company’s turnaround time was 20-30 minutes, because they did not serve meals, meaning they did not have to wait for catering services; flight attendants stowed carry-on bags in overhead bins, and everyone on staff helped to throw away the trash after each flight. The company’s organizational culture was a strong one, and it achieved extraordinary results by implementing five steps: defining the company values, hire employees that mirrored company values, exceed employee xpectations, listen to customers, and create the organizational culture. First step; defining the company’s values: safety, caring, integrity, fun and passion. These values guided the decision making process for employees. Safety was a number one priority, and to exhibit their commitment to safety, JetBlue teamed up with Medaire Inc. , so that crew members could immediately consult with land based physicians anytime a passenger fell ill; it was also the first airline to install Kevlar cockpit doors and surveillance cameras. Step two was to hire employees that mirrored the company’s values. During the hiring process, JetBlue wanted to hear that a candidate had done something special for someone else. The third and fourth steps involved ensuring that the company continued to exceed employee expectations and to ensure that it listened to its customers. The final step in creating the company’s organizational culture was to create a culture of excellence; the company had to continually improve its services and set itself apart from its competitors. Jet Blue’s strategies for 2008 and beyond included following several new strategies: To reevaluate the ways the company was using its assets, reduce capacity and cut costs, raise fares and grow in select markets, offer improved services for corporations and business travelers, form strategic partnerships, and increase ancillary revenues. (Thompson, Jr. , Strickland, III. , Gamble, 2010). During the deployment of these strategies, Jet Blue further laid out their plans. To reduce capacity and cut costs, JetBlue agreed to sell nine used Airbus A320s in 2008, which netted a cash gain of $100 million. The company delayed the delivery of 21 new Airbus A320s, which were scheduled for 2009-2011, to 2014 and 2015. This allowed JetBlue to put off payment for the airplanes, and save on operating expenses. (Thompson, Jr. , et al; C-72). The company suspended service in and out of several states, and cancelled plans for service between Los Angeles International Airport and Boston and New York. Doing so helped save money on fuel expenses. JetBlue started to employ their plan to grow in selective markets, and raise its fares. In March 2008, JetBlue announced that Orlando would become a focus city, and that it would open service between Orlando and Cancun, Mexico, as well as Orlando and Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. This would become tentatively approved to be Orlando’s only service to South America. Also in March 2008, JetBlue’s average one-way fare reached a high of $138. This was still very competitive with other airline carriers. According to the U. S. Department of Transportation, the average domestic fare in 2007 was $331. JetBlue made efforts to appeal to business travelers by introducing refundable fares, and allowed corporate meeting planners to receive meeting specific discounts as well as a complimentary travel certificate for every 40 customers booked to the same event destination. The company entered into a five-year agreement with Expedia Inc. to reach leisure travelers. The goal of forming strategic partnerships was achieved when it developed an agreement with Aer Lingus that let passengers make a single reservation between Ireland and 40 different destinations in the U. S, via JetBlue’s hub John F Kennedy international airport. It also developed a marketing partnership with the Massachusetts based Cape Air, so passengers could transfer between the two carriers to get to places such as Hyannis, Nantucket, and Martha’s Vineyard. References http://www. flightglobal. com/news/articles/interview-jetblue-chief-executive-dave-barger-345289/ How to cite Jet Blue Airways Case Study, Free Case study samples

Emilia and Popular Artwork Pty Ltd

Questions: Emilia is an avid Art investor who likes hanging beautiful paintings in her house. As she was reading the local paper, she sees an advertisement for a painting by Popular Artwork Pty Ltd which read as follows: Vincent van Gogh The Red Vineyards near Arles. Original, painted in 1868. Currently located in Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow. Selling for $20,000. For more information, call 1800ART She telephones 1800ART and organises a time to meet with the local sales representative to discuss the painting. She explains to the local sales representative that she is really keen to purchase the painting. She tells the representative the following I am very eager to purchase a painting from 1868 and one that is currently located in Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow. Both of these qualities are very important to me, and the reason I am considering purchasing the painting because we need a painting from 1868 in our house and we are looking to showcase more artwork in our house which is currently located in Moscow. The local sales representative replies with Yes, it is an amazing painting from 1868, currently located in Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow and Vincent van Goghs finest original. The local sales representative actually knew that the painting was a 1888 painting and it wasnt located in Moscow but in New York. Based on the information provided by the local sales representative Emilia replies that she would like to buy the painting. However, Emilia asks if the sales representative can do a better deal. The local sales representative tells Emilia that Popular Artwork Pty Ltd will sell her the painting for $15,000 and she has until 10 September at 5:00PM to decide if she wants to purchase the painting. If she wishes to purchase the painting, she needs to send a letter to the following address with a cheque for $15,000: Popular Artwork Pty Ltd 348 Drummond Street` Carlton VIC Emilia goes to the post office on 10 September and sends the letter and the cheque at 4:59PM. The following week Emilia finds out that the painting was not painted in 1868 but in 1888. Also, that the painting is not located at the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow but actually in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. 1. Is there a contract between Emilia and Popular Artwork Pty Ltd? Refer to relevant case law and principles in answering this question. 2. Emilia tells you that had she known that the painting was not painted in 1868 but in 1888 and also that the painting was located at the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow but actually in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York she would never have purchased the painting. What rights does Emilia have under the common law? Refer to applicable case law and principles in answering this question. What remedies are available to Emilia under the common law? 3. Does Emilia have any rights under the Australian Consumer Law (Competition and Consumer Act 2010) (Cth), Schedule 2? Discuss any applicable legislative provisions and relevant case law. What remedies can Emilia obtain under the Australian Consumer Law? Answer: (1). For making the determination of the fact whether there exists a contract between Emilia and Popular Artwork Pty Ltd, the general principles, and relevant case laws is to be discussed. The term contract refers to that agreement that exists between two or more parties and the same acts as creating an obligation that is enforceable for doing or refrains from doing any particular thing or act. The primary purpose of any contract is to make the establishment of any agreement that has been fixed by the parties to it. There is an express stipulation that any contract is enforceable in any court of law unless there are valid grounds that bars the said enforcement[1]. There are several elements that are involved that makes the determination of the fact of formation of the contract. The first element is offer and acceptance. The element of offer and acceptance stipulates that in the case of the formation of any contract there has to be the mandatory offer by one party to the contract and the acceptance of the same offer by the other party to the contract. The acceptance of any offer has to be communicated in the prominent terms to the person making the offer[2]. The second important element of contract formation is the consideration. The consideration is regarded as the most important element of any contract. No contract has its existence without consideration, except in a few cases. The next important element of a contract is the legal capability of any person to enter into any contract. It states that the during the formation of any contract, any person must have attained the legal age that is universally eighteen years and shall not at the moment of entering into the contractual relationship has been under the effect of alcohol and metal sickness. The other element is that the contract must be legal. It means that the terms of the contract shall not be such that it opposes the public policy of any territory. The last element of any contract is the performance of the contract. Any contract that is entered into for the purpose of the performance of anything that is promised in the contract terms. Any suit of contract arises when there is th ere is non-performance by either party to any contract[3]. It is established law that for the creation of any contract, the above-stated principles has to be present. Without the said principles, no contract exists. In the case of Payne v Cave in the year of 1789, the defendant has given the highest amount of bid for the goods of the plaintiff in an auction but made the withdrawal of his bid before the fall of the hammer. It was held by the Court that the defendant made the offer of an amount as the bid that is entitled to be withdrawn at any point of time before the knocking of the hammer[4]. In the case of Fisher v Bell in the year of 1960, there has been a display of a flick knife that include a tag of price in the window of a shop. It was rendered as an offense under the Restriction of Offensive Weapons Act of 1959 to make the offer of selling a flick knife. There was the prosecution of the shopkeeper in the Court of Magistrates' but the allegations against the convict was turned down by the justices as they felt that the knife was not offered for sale[5]. In the given case there exists a valid contract between Emilia and Popular Artwork Pty Limited. It is because all the elements that are required for the formation as discussed above are present in the dealings between Emilia and representative of Popular Artwork Pty Limited. The offer has been made by Emilia to purchase the painting painted in 1868, and the sales representative accepted the offer as he agreed to the sale. The consideration amount of dollar fifteen thousand was sent to the sales representative by Emilia. Hence, it can be said that there exists a valid contract between the two parties[6]. (2). In the scenario given, it is evident that the particular painting for which Emilia ordered and paid the amount of consideration was not delivered to her. Emilia ordered for a painting that was painted in 1868, and that was in Pushkin Museum in Moscow. But instead of that, she received a painting that as painted in the year of 1888 and was in the Metropolitan Museum of Arts in New York. While making the dealing with Emilia, it was known to the sales representative that the painting that is going to be delivered on their part was not the exact one that was ordered by Emilia. Hence, the act of knowingly delivering any goods other the goods that were ordered amounts to the offense of fraud on the part of the shopkeeper as emerged in the case of Ormes -v- Beadel (1860) 2 De GF J 333[7]. There are several rights for Emilia for the non-performance of the contract on the part of the Popular Artwork Pty Limited. The primary right of Emilia is that she can claim the damages or compensation for the breach of contract by the Popular Artwork Pty Limited. She can also terminate the contract. The appropriate remedy for her shall be that she could make the specific performance of the contract. It means that she could sue the Popular Artwork Pty Limited and ask for the performance of the contract that is delivering the painting that was ordered. This would mean that she would be in a position after the specific performance that no breach was made[8]. (3). Under the Consumer Law of Australia, there also exist the rights for Emilia. Emilia can sue the Popular Artwork Pty Limited Company for the violation of the section 18 and 19 of the Consumer Law of Australia. In the section 18 of the Consumer Law of Australia, there has been the fixed stipulation of the fact that no seller of any goods or service can enter into the transaction that is misleading or deceptive. In the section 19 of the Consumer Law of Australia, there has been the stipulation of those facts that are considered as fraudulent or deceptive. Hence, it can be said that there is expressly stated in the Consumer Law that no shopkeeper can indulge in making any fraudulent transaction to mislead any consumer. There can also be no transaction on the part of any shopkeeper or seller, which consist any intention to cause any deception to any consumer[9]. In relation to the given scenario, the case of ACCC v TPG Internet Pty Ltd [2013] HCA 54 can be stated. In this case, there the High Court made the TPG Company to pay a fine of dollar two million for publishing advertisement that included motive of deception. The TPG Company published an advertisement where the amount to be paid by the customers were stipulated in bold fonts as dollar twenty-nine. But there was an additional amount of dollar thirty that has be paid by the consumers. That was written in small and not prominent fonts[10]. In the given case, the dealing of the sale representative with Emilia is fraudulent. It is because at the time of making the dealing, it was known by the sales representative that the painting for which the amount paid by Emilia was not the one that was to be delivered by the Popular Artwork Pty Limited. Reference List Callaghan, Sascha, and Christopher J. Ryan. 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